The agroecological movement and territorialization of agroecology in Uruguay

Abstract

In Uruguay, agroecology has gained significant momentum in response to increasing concerns about environmental impacts, the tensions between food sovereignty and conventional agriculture, and the growing demand for healthy food. This paper characterizes the agroecological movement and examines the tensions surrounding the development of the National Plan for Agroecology (PNA), which has emerged as a public policy strategy promoted by socio‐territorial movements. These movements challenge agribusiness, construct forms of resistance, and propose viable alternatives, such as the establishment of Territorial Agroecological Hubs (NATs) to encourage participation and integrate activities aimed at the territorialization of agroecology. The study utilises a qualitative approach that combines a systematic review and critical analysis of official documents and national secondary sources, complemented by a Participatory Action Research (PAR) framework. This methodological strategy facilitates data triangulation, capturing the complexity of local realities and power relations involved in promoting agroecology. The paper also addresses the tensions and contradictions in the implementation of the PNA, which are shaped by political shifts and divergent perspectives on agroecology. Ultimately, it contents that the holistic and participatory approach advocated by agroecological organizations is essential for constructing sustainable and equitable frameworks for social relations and resource governance.