
Development of educational process tools in the study of history: case “the influence of mediatization on the formation of historical memory
among students who visited exhibitions dedicated to the Second World War”
Nuances: Estudos sobre Educação, Presidente Prudente, v. 36, n. 00, e025013, 2025. e-ISSN: 2236-0441.
DOI: 10.32930/nuances.v36i00.11277 4
cultural memory, this process inherently includes a topological dimension, reflecting both the
structure of recollections and the spatial organization of memory itself (Artamoshkina, 2013, p.
174).
Science begins with establishing concepts that define similarities and differences,
serving as fundamental categories for analytical thinking. This principle is particularly evident
in the structurally unified domain of topological semantic space. Mathematics plays a pivotal
role in advancing the understanding of topology, defining it as “the study of modal relationships
between spatial formations, including principles governing connections, arrangements, and
sequences of points, lines, surfaces, and bodies or their aggregates in space, regardless of
metrics like scale and magnitude” (Uspensky, 2012, p. 226). In our context, the connection and
arrangement of entities are represented by phenomena or events of the past and contemporary
reflections upon them. This constitutes the space of historical memory, whose topology is
formed by media space-time.
The capacity of society to retain memory is inherently limited, as it is accompanied by
attenuation, disruptions in focus, illusions, and spatiotemporal distortions. Historical memory,
in particular, is intrinsically linked to the phenomenon of forgetting. As noted, “Forgetting,
which functions as an integral counterpart to remembering, can become so profound that
representations are relegated to the unconscious” (Artamoshkina, 2013, p. 175). Forgetting,
however, is not a unidimensional concept. First, it can serve as the antithesis of memory.
Second, it may be understood as its complementary aspect. Third, it can manifest as an active
attempt to “erase” the past. While these perspectives often carry negative connotations, an
alternative interpretation posits that forgetting should not be perceived as the adversary of
memory. Instead, memory can function effectively only in a state of equilibrium with forgetting
(Kostina, 2011, p. 65). However, the balance between memory and oblivion can be disrupted
by subjective intentions, leading to the selective use of past episodes that do not “contradict”
the meanings of the present.
With the emergence of Internet space, the dispersion of centers for actualizing historical
memory has intensified, culminating in “memorial wars [...] using historical interpretations as
a means of identifying ‘us’ and ‘them’” (Bubnov; Saveleva, 2022, p. 84). Media retain events
and facts in memory, thereby fulfilling the function of a “communicative tradition” (Plato,
2000, p. 7). This perspective aligns with Dijck’s (2007) conclusion that media and memory
transform one another, with their interaction grounded in culture. Hence, Erll’s idea (2010, p.
389) that “communication mediated by media shapes culture, turning it into a media and digital